Gli stati generali della Green economy

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I documenti strategici finali

Dieci misure per un Green New Deal

Gli Stati generali della Green economy dimen-sionano quello che dovrà essere il percorso di un Green New Deal per l'Italia. I punti program-matici, già delineati dagli stati generali del 2012, trovano in questi dieci punti una precisa siste-mazione strategica ed attuativa (> leggi il documento dei dieci punti).

(> leggi la versione inglese)

La Roadmap per la Green economy in Italia

Il  Documento program-matico in 77 punti  con-clude gli Stati generali della Green economy del 2013. Traccia i linea-menti del Green New Deal per l'Italia. Se ne  legga il testo completo o una breve sintesi nella colonna accanto.

La lista completa delle misure proposte

Il documento raccoglie tutte le proposte e i provvedimenti elaborati nel corso dell'attività 2013 dei gruppi di lavoro (> scarica la matrice delle proposte).

I Gruppi di lavoro del Consiglio Nazionale della Green Economy

I Gruppi di lavoro, che coinvolgono in modo permanente circa 350 esperti in tutta Italia, preparano le bozze dei documenti per la con-sultazione sui temi dei 10 settori strategici, raccol-gono e valutano, con il supporto della Segreteria organizzativa, le osser-vazioni emerse nella consultazione e elabora-no i documenti intro-duttivi.

I 10 settori strategici della green economy:

1. Ecoinnovazione

2. Ecoefficienza, rinnovabilità dei materiali e riciclo dei rifiuti

3. Efficienza e risparmio energetico

4. Fonti energetiche rinnovabili

5. Servizi degli Ecosistemi

6. Mobilità sostenibile

7. Filiere agricole di qualità ecologica

8. Finanza e credito sostenibili per una green economy

9. Regioni e Enti locali per la green economy

10. Acque

 Il pacchetto delle dieci misure per un

 Green New Deal per l'Italia

(> i dieci punti in italiano,  > the "Ten measures in english)

PACKAGE OF MEASURES

FOR A GREEN NEW DEAL FOR ITALY

(Proposed by the National Council of the green economy
for the Stati Generali 2013)

To deal with the Italian crisis innovative measures are necessary, without increasing either the public debt, nor the tax burden, that are able to reduce costs, not only environmental, but also economic, to produce well-being, to enable new sustainable development, to recover investments and employment. By the preparing process assigned to ten working groups and several in-depth meetings, the National Council of the green economy has launched this package of measures for the development of a green economy and the activation of a real Green New Deal for Italy.

1. Implementation of an ecological tax reform that shifts the tax burden, without increase, in favor of a green investment for development and employment

Remove incentives for economic activities that have negative impacts on the environment, reconsidering the spending review, with more attention to the negative impacts to the environment, create measures of ecological taxation (a gradual carbon tax, road pricing, etc.), increasing the share of the regional fund financed on landfill tax and use the additional revenue obtained with these measures to achieve tax deductibility of investments that promote eco-innovation and to reduce the tax wedge on labour, especially in the green economy activities.

2. New programs to enable a better use of European resources and to develop innovative financial instruments for the green economy activities

Starting a national program that aims to support a better use of EU funds greater use of the funds from the European Investment Bank and a growth of the Italian projects financed by Community funds (such as those made available by the programs ELENA and European Energy Efficiency Fund) for the green economy activities.  Design and testing promote of innovative financial instruments such as project bonds, the performance bond, the social impact bond or other mechanisms based on the principles of "payment by results" or "Impact finance" or "crowd funding": with such innovative financial instruments related to the results, the aim is to reduce the cost of money, to promote public-private partnerships, stimulating an increase in quality as well as quantity, of green initiatives. Increasing green public procurement of goods and services to achieve the objectives of the National Action Plan for the sustainability of the purchases of public administration, strengthening the governance system, clarifying responsibilities and accountability, improving transparency, controls and providing appropriate tools to support.                                                                                       

3. Turn on investments that pay for themselves by lowering the economic costs as well as environmental, green infrastructure, soil conservation and water

In addition to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, we need to invest in mitigation and adaptation measures to reduce the risks and costs of the climate crisis by focusing on the development of green infrastructure: interventions based on natural solutions cheaper and longer lasting that in many cases create locally employment opportunities.

The green infrastructure - consisting in city interventions such as parks development, gardens, trees but also green roofs and walls and, more generally, by natural areas and habitats networks - are useful not only to mitigate the climate crisis but can be designed and operated even to protect biodiversity and provide a wide range of ecosystem services. Soil protection is certainly one of the most significant public works and urgent needs of our country. We need a prevention planning for hydro geological and soil protection, a law that regulates safety of the area, methods of acquisition and tracking of data on the hydro geological phenomena, adequate and stable over time funding and measures to subtract investments for prevention constraints of the Stability Pact. It should improve the spending power of the actuators through coordination and simplification of procedures.

Water is a common good ever more important to invest to ensure its protection and to avoid wastage is necessary to ensure the quality and quantity for drinking water and for environmental, agricultural and industrial use as well. Therefore is necessary to ensure proper planning and management, giving full operational to the river basin districts, ensuring resources available to qualifying for this purpose the use of the Structural Funds 2014-2020 and make the most eco-efficient public spending program to improve and protect the water quality, and to reduce waste and promote efficient use with system solutions characterized by high flexibility and have a reduced environmental impact, ensuring a high re-use of treated wastewater, combined with technologies that reduce the amount of water used to irrigate. It should also recognize the economic value of services provided by aquatic ecosystems, introducing recovery cost in environmental and resource concession fees of public water-coordinated hopefully – and in the rates of water service that should be provided with adequate measurement systems. It should enhance the water-saving rewards through actions such as the introduction of blue certificates - to be awarded to those who use water resources in a sustainable way - and incentives for reuse of treated wastewater, particularly in the agricultural sector.

4. Launch of a national programme of measures for energy efficiency

The rise up to 65% of the tax deduction for improvements in energy efficiency should be made permanent. The implementation of the Energy Efficiency Directive 27/2012 is an opportunity to promote a Roadmap to 2030 with binding targets for energy efficiency, which also includes the regeneration of the building stock (which must be planned by the end of April 2014) to achieve the target to retrain annually 3% of government buildings. It should be promoted the retraining of buildings promoting financing plans, with guaranteed return from the energy savings obtained, backed by warranty and support mechanisms. The experience of the Covenant of Mayors and action plans for sustainable energy should be enhanced, promoting the implementation of interventions paying particular attention to offices, schools and public lighting, promoting the application of energy service contracts with guarantee results and, in addition, for such contracts should be confirmed a facilitated VAT of 10% for the private sector. For these types of investments is necessary to define a clear path to avoid incurs in the block resulting from the application of the Stability Pact. It should be quickly activated the guarantee fund provided for the construction of district heating networks to be entered in the ordinary programming of basic urban services. The promotion of investments in energy efficiency can be enhanced with the use of rigorous and ambitious technological standards (from household appliances to electric motors, from lighting to buildings). SMEs should be helped through the funding of energy audits aimed at identifying energy waste and by providing revolving funds or incentives as required by Directive 2012/27UE. It is necessary to revise the decree of April 5th 2013 in favor of energy-intensive companies, introducing - in the case of a reduction of the charges of the electrical system for energy-intensive companies - the obligation to adopt energy analysis and energy efficiency improvement programs. 

5. Implement measures to develop waste recycling

The current setting of waste taxation (TARES) must be modified avoiding to absorb the costs of waste management in a service tax, and restoring, where it was already done, and extending a “punctual” pricing for the management of municipal waste, adopting a mechanism that ensures to cover the costs and gives rewards to those who waste in a differentiated way, through the development of a pattern of rules to facilitate the adoption of these measures by local actors. Encourage and measure, in addition to waste collection, the actual recycling. Ensuring the real priority of recycling versus energy recovery and discourage the use of landfill. Ensure that the manufacturers of all types of goods contribute financially in an appropriate manner, for the collection and recycling of the waste they generate and involving them in the recycling of their products. Secure payments by public administration, develop research, improve regulations, provide a reliable framework, simplify procedures including those related to the end of waste, so as to encourage the recycling of waste. Also promote the integration of production processes and recycling of waste at the local level . Promote the use of materials and products from recycling activities, with appropriate and reliable technical specifications and with the improvement of Green Public Procurement.

6. Stimulate investment in the development of renewable energy sources

Reduce production costs by simplifying and making more effective the system of rules and procedures, solving the problems introduced by the Ministerial Decrees of 2012 with the auction mechanisms and registers, providing a harmonization of the institutional attributions and authorization procedures and extending self-certification combined with effective control mechanisms and sanctions, also activating a online procedure integrated and time binding. In the context of a gradual overcoming of the incentives system, lightening the burden on bills and avoiding measures with retroactive effects that discourage investors, it’s necessary to set a target for the development of renewables by 2030 and act on different levels, such as:

• Set up a guarantee fund with the involvement of the Deposits and Loans Fund;

• Introduce a mechanism based on tax deductions - both for natural persons and legal entities - conducive to increased investment and employment and producing, so even, new revenue;

• Integrate the tools of incentive for energy efficiency with those in favor of the production from renewable sources, its storage, as well as the sustainable use of bio-fuels for mobility;

• Develop smart transmission and distribution grids;

• Carry out the ongoing liberalization process until small scale networks, improving the existing legislation on direct contracting between small producers and consumers and facilitating distributed generation;

• Strengthen and direct research.

7. Implement programs of urban regeneration, recovery of existing buildings, and reclamation, limiting the consumption of non-urbanized land

The urgent relaunch of the construction industry and an efficient provision of housing, must be pursued by urban renewal programs and by the recovery, restoration, renovation, reuse and retrofit of existing buildings.

The remediation of contaminated sites and brownfields - for which there is also the need for a more incisive action of information - can become an effective instrument for the protection of environmental resources (soil and groundwater) and for the recovery of all areas to a productive use and to attract investments, reducing the consumption of new soil. To facilitate these reclamations,  simplifications, faster procedures and new modes of operation of the Service Conferences are needed, suitable in particular for the protection of groundwater, for the economic redevelopment of the sites and to update and coordinate risk analyses, calculations procedures and limit values. There is a need for effective measures to stop the abnormal consumption of non-urbanized land, to protect the agricultural production and the ecosystem services that it provides (hydro-geologic, biodiversity, etc.), as well as to promote recovery activities of existing buildings and the reuse of urbanized areas .

It is furthermore necessary to enable participatory processes for the development of smart and sustainable cities, promoting voluntary agreements and innovative measures - involving institutions, universities and research centres, enterprises and citizens - for the green  regeneration of our cities.

8. Investing in sustainable urban mobility

Through the implementation of the Directive Eurovignette III, introduce a system of road pricing, differentiated according to the specific emissions of vehicles and congestion of the road and motorway networks. Establishing and maintaining a new "National Fund for Sustainable Mobility", with which to finance the development of new networks and initiatives, particularly for sustainable urban mobility, by means of the proceeds of the toll system, of a quote of the Transport Ministry funds for long - and medium - haul infrastructure financing, and with a shared revenue from the excise tax on fuel (increased by the progressive reduction of exemptions of transport modes, such as road transport and civil aviation). The Fund defines the areas for priority action, for the period 2014-2020, by a comparative evaluation of the reduction of impacts, and identifies the urban minimum standards:

• networks of cycling paths, pedestrian priorities and low-speed vehicle areas (zones 30 and 20), accompanied by new security objectives;

• ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) facilities;

• exponential increase in shared transport (car-sharing and bike-sharing);

• dedicated and/or protected routes for public transport systems;

• improvement of rail infrastructures for the intermodal metropolitan transportation of goods;

• replacement and/or retrofitting of buses older than 15 years (today approximately 15% urban and 25 % suburban buses) with lower overall emissions vehicles;

• increasing of teleworking in public and private companies;

• replacement of the fleets for the transport of goods and waste with urban logistics vehicles with low or zero emissions;

• dissemination of efficient and low emissions vehicles (gas, hybrid and electric).

9. Enhance the growth potential of our quality agriculture

It is necessary to promote investments by farmers in activities of organic farming, quality and short- chain productions,  even through the agri-food and rural districts, and to strengthen activities in the key green sectors that ensure the greatest chance of economic success for our agriculture. The  purchase and consumption of quality food products, obtained with sustainable short-chain processes, must be encouraged  through targeted actions aimed at strengthening the direct sales and the provision of unused public urban areas to facilitate food markets for farmers. Good results can also be obtained by the inclusion of short-chain organic food into the green public procurement of the public administration. Private initiatives, aimed at enhancing the multifunctional dimension of agriculture, should be encouraged through the taxation reduction. In particular, the development of agriculture and activities traditionally associated with agricultural production must me integrated with actions aimed at promoting multifunctional jobs as a means of organization, maintenance and use of the territory as a whole.

10. Activate a  green economy national plan for youth employment

We need to promote youth employment significantly reducing, for at least three years, the taxes and contributions for the employment of young people. It is necessary to establish a national plan for the development of youth employment, supported with training and qualification initiatives, with the aim of giving more strength to the Made in Italy manufacturing, coupled with the beauty and ecological quality, with clean production and products of high ecological quality through:

• a review and reallocation in terms of green economy and eco-innovation of the incentives widely distributed to the industry;

• the greening of the main productive sectors (construction, agriculture and agri-food, energy, tourism, engineering, chemicals, textiles and clothing, etc.);

• a program of rehabilitation and environmental regeneration of high impact plants and productions  by spurring innovation of production processes and products;

• the launch of specific national initiatives of green development of the productive process  and the promotion of a "green" Made in Italy product-line and the environmental qualification of the industrial areas also to improve the attractiveness of the territories;

• support to the young start-up firms of the green economy.

Il percorso del New Deal per l'Italia attraverso la transizione verso la Green economy

(> la roadmap in settantasette punti)